-IBIS-1.7.6-
tx
reproductive system
benign prostatic hypertrophy
Nutrition
dietary guidelines
eating principles:
Decrease cholesterol (both blood levels and intake). Cholesterol metabolites are cytotoxic and carcinogenic and have been shown to accumulate in the hyperplastic or cancerous human prostate. Epoxycholesterols initiate degeneration of epithelial cells, leading to the increased regeneration seen in BPH (LDL oxidizes the most easily). (Hinman F. 1983.)
Decrease animal products that may contain DES residues.
Vegan diet
Low sugar, low fat diet of unsaturated fats
Calorie percentages: 70% complex carbohydrates, protein 12-15%, fat 15-18%
Low cholesterol/See hypercholesterolemia
Low Sodium/Sodium-restricted diet
Vegetarian cleansing diet or short fasts
Fasting, General Sample Diet, General Guidelines for Eating, Sample Vegetarian Diet
therapeutic foods:
Eat foods containing zinc: nuts, walnuts, pumpkin seeds, safflower seeds, oysters.
Increase omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids: vegetable, nut, seed oils, salmon, herring, mackerel, sardines, walnuts, flaxseed oil, evening primrose oil, black currant oil
Estrogenic foods: animal products, apples, cherries, olives, plums, carrots, yams, nightshade family, peanuts, soy products, coconut, brown rice, barley, oats, wheat
see: foods that contain estrogen-like sterols
Foods rich in Zinc and Vitamin E: squash seeds, almonds, sesame seeds, tahini, kelp (Jensen, 61.)
Raw pumpkin seeds: 25 seeds four times per day
Anise, tangerine, cherries, figs, lychee, sunflower seeds, mangoes, seaweeds (Ni, 153.)
High fiber foods
fresh juices:
Carrot (Walker, 151.)
Carrot and spinach (Walker, 151.)
Carrot, beet, and cucumber (Walker, 151.)
Carrot, asparagus, and lettuce (Walker, 151.)
Lemon juice in warm water (Walker, 151.)
avoid:
Coffee, alcohol, saturated fats, strong spices, spicy food, dairy products, fatty foods, fried foods, coffee, caffeine (Ni, 153.)
Constipation (Zeff)
supplements
Vitamin B6: 100-250 mg per day has been found to reduce elevated prolactin levels found in BPH.
Vitamin E: 400 IU two to three times per day. A good rule of thumb is to give antioxidants when you supplement EFA. (Marz, 443, 1997.)
Copper: Remember copper when supplementing zinc for long periods of time, as in the treatment of BPH, it is necessary to balance zinc with copper. Increases in zinc without copper result in a reduction in HDL and an increased risk of cardiovascular disease.
Selenium: 200 mcg per day. In studies showing cadmium induced hyperplasia in human prostates, selenium was shown to have a prophylactic effect. This key antioxidant concentrates in the prostate.
(Webber M. Biochem Biophy Res Commun. 1985;127(3):871-877.)
Zinc picolinate: 60 mg per day. Aids in reducing the size of the prostate. Inhibits the activity of 5-alpha reductase, the enzyme that irreversibly converts testosterone dihydrotestosterone (DHT). DHT has a 3-4 times greater net affinity to prostatic androgen receptors than testosterone. Zinc also has the ability to inhibit binding of androgens to prostatic receptors. Zinc, in addition, inhibits prolactin secretion. Prolactin has been shown to increase the binding of testosterone to prostatic tissue. Prolactin antagonists such as bromocriptine have been shown to reduce many of the symptoms of BPH.
(Fahim M. Fed Proc. 1976;35:361; Bush I. 1974)
Essential Fatty Acids 1,000-1,500 IU, one to or two times daily, for anti-inflammatory effect; facilitates optimum prostaglandin concentrations.
Flax oil: 2 Tbsp per day, for prostaglandin synthesis
(Hart J, Cooper W. 1941)
Glycine, Glutamic acid, Alanine: 200 mg of each per day. This amino acid combination has demonstrated symptomatic relief.
(Damrau F. J Am Geriatr Soc 1962;10:426-430.; Shimaya M, Sugiura H. Hinyokika Kiyo 1970;16(5):231-236.)
Beta-sitosterol
Prostatic tissue: Protomorphogens
Quercetin: 500 mg three times daily (Theoharides TC, et al. International Archives of Allergy and Applied Immunology, 1991;92:281-286.)
Saw palmetto (Champlault G, Patel JC, Bonnard AM. Brit J Clin Pharmacol 1984;18:461-462.)
Pygeum africanum (Dufour B, Choquenet C. Annal Urology. 1984;18:193-195; Donkervoort T, et al. Urology. 1977;8:218-225.)
footnotes
Berges RR, Windeler J, Trampisch HJ, et al. Randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind clinical trial of beta-sitosterol in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia. Lancet 1995;345:1529-1532.
Bush IM, Berman E, Nourkayhan S, et al. Zinc and the prostate. Presented at the annual meeting of the American Medical Association Chicago, 1974.
Abstract:19 men with BPH took 150mg of zinc sulfate daily for 2 months, and then 50-100mg daily. 14 of the 19 had shrinkage of the prostate as determined by rectal palpation, X-Ray, and endoscopy. In 200 men with chronic abacterial prostatitis, 50-150mg zinc daily for 2-16 weeks relieved symptoms in 70%.
Champlault G, Patel JC, Bonnard AM. A double-blind trial of an extreact of the plant Serenoa repens in BPH. Brit J Clin Pharmacol 1984;18: 461-462.
Abstract:This double bind study showed that Pygeum extract was significantly more effective than placebo at reducing major symptoms of BPH
Damrau F. Benign prostatic hypertrophy: amino acid therapy for symptomatic relief. J Am Geriatr Soc 1962;10:426-430.
Abstract: 45 patients with BPH were supplemented with glutamic acid, alanine, and glycine. Nocturia was relieved or reduced in 95%, urgency by 81%, frequency was reduced 73%, and delayed micturition alleviated in 70%.
Donkervoort T, et al. A clinical and urodynamic study of Tadenan in the treatment of BPH. Urology. 1977;8,218-225.
Abstract:This double bind study showed that Pygeum extract was significantly more effective than placebo at reducing objective symptoms such as daytime frequency, nighttime frequency, weak stream and hesitation.
Dufour B, Choquenet C. Trial controlling the effects of Pygeum africanum extract on the functional symptoms of prostatic adenoma. Annal Urology. 1984;18:193-195.
Abstract:This double bind study showed that Pygeum extract was significantly more effective than placebo at reducing major symptoms of BPH. It was noted in this study that the placebo had a relatively high rate of improvement as well.
Fahim MS, Fahim Z, Der R, Harman J. Zinc treatment for reduction of hyperplasia of prostate. Fed Proc 1976;35(3):361.
Abstract: Zinc supplementation reduced the size of the prostate and BPH symptomatology in the majority of patients in this study.
Hart JP, Cooper WL. Vitamin F in the treatment of prostatic hypertrophy. Report Number 1, Lee Foundation for Nutritional Research, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, 1941.
Abstract:19 men with BPH took six 5 grain tablets daily of Vitamin F complex, a concentrate containing 10mg of linoleic, linolenic and arachidonic acids. This dosage was continued for 3 days, then 4 tablets were taken daily for several weeks, then a maintenance dose of 2 tablets daily. All cases showed a diminution of residual urine. 12 of 19 had no residual urine by the end of the treatment period. Nocturia was eliminated in 13 of the 19 cases. Dribbling was eliminated in 18 of the 19. All subjects had a reduction in prostate size as determined by palpation.
Hinman F. BPH Springer-Verlag NY, 1983.
Abstract: Hypocholesterolemic drugs have been shown to have a favorable influence on BPH, preventing the accumulation of cholesterol in the prostatic cells and limiting subsequent formation of epoxycholesterols.
Mettlin C, Selenskas S, et al. Beta-carotene and animal fats and their relationship to prostate cancer risk: A case control study. Cancer 1989;64:605-612.
Abstract:A case control study of 371 prostate cancer patients and comparable control subjects admitted to Roswell Park Memorial Institute, Buffalo, N.Y. was conducted. It was noted that there was a significant decrease in incidence of cancer in patients who had high levels of beta-carotene intake. The effect was only significant in men under the age of 68. Although overall fat content of the diet did not show increased risk, the consumption of high fat milk did. This study supports the weight of evidence which appears to favor the hypothesis that animal fat intake is related to increased risk for cancer of the prostate.
Mills P, et al. Cohort study of diet, lifestyle, and prostate cancer in Adventist men. Cancer 1989;64:64:598-604.
Abstract:14,000 7th day Adventist males were studied from 1976-82. It was found that increased consumption of beans, lentils, peas, tomatoes, raisins, dates, and other dried fruit were all associated with a significant decreased prostate cancer risk. Previous prostate problems correlated with a 60% increased risk of prostate cancer, and consumption of animal products had a somewhat loose association.
Shimaya M, Sugiura H. Double blind test of PPC for prostatic hyperplasia. Hinyokika Kiyo 1970;16(5):231-236.
Abstract: Patients randomly received:
1) L-glutamic acid, L-alanine and glycine;
2) L-glutamic acid and L-alanine;
3) L-glutamic acid alone.
Outcomes showed a significant difference between the reduction in subjective symptoms in the group receiving all 3 agents versus the 2 control groups. However, in none of the patients was satisfactory improvement observed on rectal palpation or x-ray exam.
Theoharides TC, et al. Mast cell activation in sterile bladder and prostate inflammation. International Archives of Allergy and Applied Immunology, 1991;92:281-286.
Abstract:This study involves a case study of a 48 year old male who had chronic sterile hematuria dysuria and lower abdominal pain with significant number of bladder and prostate mast cells. He had significantly elevated histamine in his urine. This histamine released in the bladder wall of interstitial cystitis may be responsible for the pathophysiology of the disease. Antihistamines have had little success in interstitial cystitis, but in rat studies disodium cromoglycate has shown some benefit in chemical cystitis.
Webber M. Selenium prevents the growth stimulatory effects of cadmium on human prostatic epithelium. Biochem Biophy Res Commun. 1985;127(3):871-877.
Abstract:When the degree of epithelial growth was examined from Cd it was found that selenium could block these effects.