-IBIS-1.5.0-
tx
immune system
rheumatoid arthritis
acupuncture

patterns and combinations

after assessing the person and palpating, consider these patterns:
Damp-Cold; Damp-Heat; Wind-Cold Damp; Wind-Damp; Stagnant Wind; Hot Bi Syndrome; Cold Bi Syndrome; Damp Bi Syndrome; Xue Yu (Blood Stasis); Qi and Xue (Blood) Deficiency; Kidney Xu (Deficiency); dysfunction of the Yang Wei Mai (Yang Linking Vessel); Xu (Deficiency) of the Yang Qiao Mai (Yang Motility Vessel) and/or Shi (Excess) of the Yin Qiao Mai (Yin Motility Vessel)

» therapeutic note: usually emphasize needles and cupping (often with bleeding) for acute condition; moxa for chronic condition when Cold tends to dominate

point combinations for consideration with localized symptoms:
(all regional treatments: So, 1987, p. 287-289; McWilliams, et al, Lesson 31, p. 186-188; Lee and Cheung, p. 275-277; and/or Shanghai, p. 606-608)

» temporomandibular joint:
• St-7, SI-19, TW-17, LI-4 for temporomandibular arthritis (Lee and Cheung, p. 275)
• St-7 and LI-4 for temporomandibular arthritis (Shanghai, p. 155)
• TW-17 and St-7 for temporomandibular arthritis (Shanghai, p. 161)

» vertebrae:
• GV-15 and GV-14 for rheumatoid arthritis affecting the spine (Shanghai, p. 607)
• hua tuo jia ji, yao yan, UB-51/37, UB-54/40 and GV-26 for rheumatoid arthritis affecting the spine
• UB-60 and UB-62 removes Qi Obstructions of the Tai Yang channel to treat stiffness of the neck and back (Finkelstein, p. 50)
• GV-14, UB-20, UB-23, UB-27 and appropriate hua tuo jia ji points for rheumatoid arthritis of vertebrae (Shanghai, p. 214)

» shoulder:
• LI-15, TW-14, jian nei ling, GB-21, LI-16, LI-4 (+ and D); can also apply three cones of direct moxa, red bean size, to LI-15 if severe (So, 1987, p. 287)
• jian nei ling, LI-15, TW-14 and local tender point(s) for perifocal inflammation of the shoulder joint or pain in the shoulder (Shanghai, p. 223)
• SI-6 and UB-10 for "shoulder pain [so severe that the patient wants to break it off" (Shanghai, p. 607)

» upper limbs:
• LI-15, LI-11, LI-4 and jing bi to treat rheumatic arthritis in the upper limbs (Flaws, 1989, p. 100)
• GB-21, LI-11, LI-10 and LI-8, then LI-13, LI-9 and Lu-8, for arm pain caused by Cold-Wind (Shanghai, p. 607)
• LI-11 and GB-21 to relieve pain in the upper arm (Ellis, et al, 1988, p. 100);

» elbow:
• Lu-5, TW-10 (+), PC-3 (+ and D) and LI-11 (+ and D) for rheumatoid arthritis of the elbow
• LI-11, TW-10 and LI-4 for rheumatoid arthritis of the elbow
• LI-11, St-42 and TW-15 for painful elbow (Shanghai, p. 659)

» wrist, metacarpals and phalangeals:
• TW-5, TW-4, LI-10, LI-5, SI-4, PC-7, shang ba xie and si feng for arthritis of the wrist, metacarpals and fingers (Shanghai, p. 606)
• TW-4, PC-7, si feng and shang ba xie for arthritis of the wrist, hand, fingers and bones of hand (Shanghai, p. 237)
• ba xie, shang ba xie, si feng, LI-10, PC-7, SI-4, Lu-9, LI-5, TW-4, TW-5 (-); ind. D and/or and five to seven cones of direct moxa, red bean size, to tender point(s) (So, 1987, p. 288)
• da gu kong and xiao gu kong: esp. for arthritis in the thumb knuckle

» lumbosacral and sacroiliac:
• GV-3, UB-26, UB-27, UB-28, UB-30, UB-54/40, UB-60, shi qi zhui xia, tender points (-)
• shi qi zhui xia, UB-49/54 and UB-26 for lumbosacral pain (Shanghai, p. 213)

» hip:
• UB-54/40, GB-29, GB-30, GB-31, GB-34, GB-39, ashi (tender) points (-); ind. D to GB-30 and ashi (tender) points for arthritis of the hip

» lower limbs:
• St-33, GB-31 and GB-34 for arthritis of the knee or paralysis of lower limb (Shanghai, p. 266)
• GB-30 before GB-34 for Cold-Damp-Wind Bi; augments and adjust function of lower limb; dispels Wind and Damp; removes Obstructions of channels; regulates Qi and Xue (Blood) circulation (Ellis, et al, 1988, p. 317; Finkelstein, p. 68)

» knee:
• Lv-8, St-34, St-35, St-36, GB-34, Sp-9, UB-54/40, he ding, shi yan, xi xia (+ and D);
UB-54/40 with deep insertion, to bone, and sensation to patella, for arthritis of the knee (So, 1987, p. 288)
• St-34, St-35 and GB-34 for arthritis of the knee (Shanghai, p. 271)
• he ding, xi xia, St-34, St-35, St-36, Sp-9 and GB-34 for arthritis of the knee (Shanghai, p. 606)
• UB-11, UB-17, UB-23, GV-4, CV-6, Sp-10, he ding, St-35, nei xi yan, St-34, GB-34 and Sp-9 for rheumatoid arthritis due to Kidney Yang Xu (Deficiency) with Damp-Cold in the knees (Jirui and Wang, p. 156)

» ankle and metatarsophalangeal:
• GB-35, Kd-8, Kd-6, St-41, UB-60, Kd-3, UB-62, shang ba feng (-); add Sp-5, GB-40, Lv-4 if pain on anterior aspect; ashi (tender) points: + and D
• St-41, GB-40, GB-35, Kd-3, Kd-8, UB-60 and Sp-5 for arthritis in the ankle (Shanghai, p. 606)

» illustrative combinations:
• TW-10, Lu-5, Ht-3, UB-54/40 and GB-38 for Wind Blockage (Shanghai, p. 607);
• Lv-13 and UB-20: drive away the Cold and Damp (Finkelstein, p. 75)
• GV-26, GB-20 and LI-20: remove Wind-Damp and sedate pain (Finkelstein, p. 83)
• GB-34 and LI-11: spread Qi, reduce Fire, descend the Turbid, facilitate the joints, and remove Obstruction of the tendons and bones (Finkelstein, p. 69)
• GB-30, GB-34 and Sp-9: dispel Wind; disperse Cold; dissolve Damp; remove Obstructions of channels (Finkelstein, p. 68)
• GB-34 and GB-39: strengthen the tendons and consolidate bone (Finkelstein, p. 69)
• Kd-6 and Lu-7: open the Yin Qiao Mai (Yin Motility Vessel) which transports Yin and for which Bi syndromes of the joints are a Shi (Excess) symptom
• UB-62 and SI-3: open the Yang Qiao Mai (Yin Motility Vessel) for which Bi syndromes of the joints are a Xu (Deficiency) symptom
• TW-5 and GB-41: open the Yang Wei Mai (Yang Linking Vessel) for which arthritis is a symptom of dysfunction
• GB-41 and TW-5: open the Dai Mai (Girdle Vessel) for which arthritis of the hip is a symptom of dysfunction
• GB-34, GB-24, Lv-14 and dan nang xue (GB-34A): disperse Stagnation of the Liver, ease the Gall Bladder, disperse Damp-Heat, and regulate the Middle Warmer (Finkelstein, p. 69)
• GB-34, UB-18 and UB-19: disperse Damp-Heat of the Liver and Gall Bladder (Finkelstein, p. 69)
• GB-34 and GB-43: reduce Damp-Heat of Liver and Gall Bladder (Finkelstein, p. 71)


point analysis

»
palpate and consider:
• GB-20 (-): disperses Wind-Cold; reduces and relieves Heat; harmonizes Qi and Xue (Blood); frees the channels and invigorates the collateral vessels
GB-30 (- and/or D): dispels Wind and Cold; invigorates the Kidney; strengthens the lower back; regulates the hip joint; benefits the knee; dissipates Wind-Damp in the channels and connecting vessels; frees the channels and removes Obstructions; relaxes the muscles and tendons; relieves Bi of the lower extremities, esp. knee pain
hua tuo jia ji (+): benefit the back and joints; restore Qi and Xue (Blood) flow; strengthen and relax the sinews and tendons
UB-11 (- or +): dispels Wind, Wind-Cold and Cold; connects the Du Mai (Governing Vessel) to the Shu Associated points; distributes Bladder Qi and Jing-Ye (Yin) to all the dorsal Shu points, thus cooling them (Finkelstein, p. 38); removes Obstruction of Qi circulation of the Tai Yang channels (Bladder and Small Intestine) and Du Mai (Governing Vessel) of the upper back; strengthens all bones and joints; facilitates Xue (Blood) flow; relaxes the muscles, sinews and tendons; invigorates the collateral vessels; Hui Reunion point of the Bones; Sea of Xue (Blood) upper entry point
UB-17 (+ and/or D): tonifies the Qi; nourishes and invigorates the Xue (Blood) (esp. invigorates with D); transforms Xue Yu (Blood Stasis) and disperses Obstruction; nourishes Dry Xue (Blood); strengthens Xu (Deficient) conditions and increases stamina; strengthens the upper back (- then +) (Finkelstein, p. 40); Hui Reunion and Master point of the Xue (Blood)
UB-18 (- then +): benefits, clears and drains the Liver and Gall Bladder; benefits the eyes and improves vision; cools Damp-Heat; moves Stagnant Qi; strengthens Xu (Deficiency) conditions; nourishes and regulates the Xue (Blood); nourishes Liver Yin; relieves mid-back tension; Liver Shu Associated point
• UB-19 (-): regulates the Qi; drains Heat from the Liver and Gall Bladder; nourishes Xue (Blood); transforms Damp-Heat; Gall Bladder Shu Associated point
UB-20 (- or + and/or D): regulates Spleen Qi; tonifies the Spleen and Stomach to facilitate digestive transportation and transformation; enhances Spleen Yang to mobilize Stagnant Qi; tonifies and harmonizes the Xue (Blood); warms the Middle Warmer (D); drains Heat Shi (Excess) from the Middle Warmer; relieves splenomegaly; resolves Dampness; dispels Cold and relieves pain; provides strength to the extremities; Spleen Shu Associated point
• UB-23 (+ and/or D): tonifies and adjusts the Kidney; nourishes Yin, Xue (Blood) and Kidney Jing (Essence); strengthens Yang and Qi Hai; influences adrenals; counterbalances Liver Fire; resolves Dampness; strengthens the spine, esp. the lower back; benefits the knees; controls the bones; Kidney Shu Associated point
UB-25 (+ and/or D): regulates the Qi of the Fu (Yang organs); regulates the Intestines and Stomach; "initiates bowel movement for extruding the impurities" (Finkelstein, p. 45); resolves Damp-Heat; warms Cold and dries Damp-Cold; benefits the lower back and knees; esp. for arthritis of the sacroiliac, use a transverse insertion, connecting with UB-27; Large Intestine Shu Associated point
• UB-27 (-): opens and moves the Small Intestine; eliminates Dampness and cools Heat; transforms Stagnation and Accumulation; promotes separation of the Clear and the Turbid; strengthens the lower back; for arthritis of sacroiliac, use a slanted insertion, 0.5 - 2.0 cun; Small Intestine Shu Associated point
• UB-54/40 (- and/or bleed): clears Heat from the Xue (Blood) to cool fever and relieve inflammation (bleed); transforms Damp-Heat; strengthens the waist; relaxes the sinews and muscles; benefits the lower back, hips, legs and knees; esp. for arthritis of the knee; Bladder He Sea Uniting and Earth point; Command point of the back
UB-58 (+): dispels Wind and Wind-Damp; dispels Tai Yang channel pathogens; promotes flow of Qi; strengthens Kidney function; increases stamina; eases low back pain; frees the channels and invigorates the collateral vessels; specifically indicated for "Moving Wind in the joints when the fingers and toes cannot be flexed or extended, accompanied by vertigo and belching" (Shanghai, p. 607); Bladder Luo Connecting point
• GV-15 (- and/or +): dispels Wind-Cold; facilitates the joints; frees the channels; removes Obstruction from the collateral vessels; stops pain; esp. with arthritis affecting the spine; Sea of Bone Marrow Exit point
• GV-14 (- and/or +): dissipates Wind and Cold; disperses Heat; reduces fever; spreads Yang Qi through the Du Mai (Governing Vessel) and whole body; regulates the Xue (Blood); relaxes the sinews and muscles; esp. with arthritis affecting the spine; Jiao Hui Intersecting point of the Yang channels on the Du Mai (Governing Vessel)
• GV-12 (- and/or +): dissipates Heat and Wind; dispels pathogens and relieves fever; readjusts Qi of all Yang channels; relieves stiffness in the spine, esp. lumbar; "Body's Pillar"
GV-4 (+ and D): strengthens the Kidney to support the healing of bones; benefits and replenishes the Kidney Yang; nourishes the Yuan (Original) Qi; strengthens the back, esp. benefits the lumbar vertebrae; esp. with lumbosacral pain and stiffness; frees the channels and invigorates the collateral vessels
• GV-3 (+ and D): reinforces the Kidney and regulates the Kidney Qi; dispels Cold-Damp, esp. in the Lower Warmer; benefits the lumbar spine and knees; regulates the Ren Mai (Conception Vessel) and Chong Mai (Penetrating Vessel); esp. with lumbosacral pain and stiffness
yao yan: strengthens the lower back; esp. for lower back pain, stiffness or arthritis
shi qi zhui xia: removes Obstructions from the channel; benefits the lower back and regulates the Lower Warmer; relieves lumbosacral pain and stiffness
UB-1 (=): disperses and eliminates Wind; cools and eliminates Heat in the eyes; clears the vision and brightens the eyes; relieves iritis of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis; enriches Yin (esp. in relation to the eyes); controls the pituitary gland and its secretions via the hypothalamus and the autonomic nervous system; triggers alarm reaction which releases reserve Jing Qi from the Kidney (esp. with asthma, hives and rheumatoid arthritis); regulates the Yin and Yang Qiao Mai (Motility Vessels); opens the channels and invigorates circulation; Bladder Entry point; Polarization point of the Yin and Yang Qiao Mai (Motility Vessels); Master point for the eyes (Mann, p. 30)
• GB-2 (-): eliminates Wind and Cold; clears blockage and restores circulation of Qi in the Gall Bladder and channel near the ear; invigorates the Liver and Gall Bladder; relaxes the sinews and muscles; relieves arthritis of the mandibular joint
• TW-17 (-): clears Heat and disperses Wind; frees the channels; relaxes the sinews and tendons, especially facial; relieves temporomandibular arthritis; benefits vision
• TW-21 (-): disperses Heat; dispels Wind and Cold; frees the channels and invigorates the collateral vessels; treats temporomandibular arthritis
St-7 (-): dissipates Wind; dispels Heat; sedates pain; removes Obstructions from the Stomach channel; relaxes the jaw; use slanted insertion to treat temporomandibular arthritis
• GB-21 (- and/or D): clears Heat; dispels Wind-Cold; spreads Liver Qi; disperses Stagnation and stops pain; benefits tendons and muscles; benefits the shoulder; clears and invigorates the channels
jian nei ling (- and/or ind. D): expels Dampness and Cold; dispels Wind; benefits the shoulders; relaxes the sinews and muscles; removes Obstructions from the channel
LI-15 (- and/or D): expels Wind; harmonizes the flow of Qi and Xue (Blood); frees the channels and invigorates the collateral vessels; stops pain; facilitates the joints, esp. in the shoulder; can also apply three cones of direct moxa, red bean size, to LI-15 if severe (So, 1987, p. 287); Jiao Hui Intersecting point of the Yang Qiao Mai (Yang Motility Vessel) and Hand Tai Yang (Small Intestine) channel on the Hand Yang MIng (Large Intestine) channel; Independent Associated point of the shoulder (Mann, p. 9)
LI-11 (-): clears Heat and eliminates Wind; regulates and harmonizes Qi and Ying; cools and harmonizes the Xue (Blood); improves immune function (Finkelstein, p. 9); tonifies Metal to cool inflammatory processes; eliminates Dampness through the Intestines; benefits sinews, tendons and joints; frees the channels; esp. relieves arthritis in the upper limbs; Large Intestine Upper He Sea Uniting, Earth and Tonification point; Master point of Heat in the body (Finkelstein, p. 9)
• LI-10 (-): promotes the circulation of Qi and Xue (Blood); tonifies Qi and Xue (Blood) (Maciocia, p. 378); benefits Qi of the arms and shoulders; removes Obstruction from and invigorates the channels; enhances action of the immune bodies (Finkelstein, p. 8); tonifies Yang Ming (Stomach and Large Intestine) and the internal duct of the Triple Warmer (Finkelstein, p. 8); esp. for for arthritis of the wrist, metacarpals and fingers
• LI-5 (-): expels Wind and Heat; dissipates Heat from the Yang Ming (Large Intestine and Stomach); benefits the throat; stops pain; esp. for for arthritis of the wrist, metacarpals and fingers; Large Intestine Fire point
LI-4 (-): dispels Wind-Cold; reduces fever; regulates Qi and Xue (Blood); activates Wei (Protective) Qi and stimulates the immune system; tonifies Metal to cool inflammatory processes; regulates Qi and disperses Heat of the Intestines; moves the bowels; elevates Clear Qi and descends Turbid Qi; clears Toxins; relaxes sinews and tendons; eliminates Damp-Heat; sedates pain; frees the channels and invigorates the collateral vessels; Large Intestine Yuan Source and Entry point
• Lu-5 (-): expels Wind; cools fever (bleed); sedates Upper Warmer Shi (Excess); regulates the digestive system and the Water Pathways; benefits the Bladder and Kidney; relaxes the sinews and muscles; treats rigidity of vertebral column (Mann, p. 4); Lung He Sea Uniting, Water and Dispersion point
• Lu-7 (-): circulates the Wei (Protective) Qi to expel Wind, dispel Cold, and disperse the Exterior; treats Shi (Excess) patterns, esp. acute; opens and regulates the Ren Mai (Conception Vessel); regulates the Yin Qiao Mai (Yin Motility Vessel); stimulates the Lung function of dominating Water Pathways to eliminate Dampness; communicates with the Large Intestine; promotes diuresis by descending the Turbid; invigorates the collateral vessels; Lung Luo Connecting and Exit point of the Hand Tai Yin (Lung) channel; Master point of the Ren Mai (Conception Vessel); Couple point of the Yin Qiao Mai (Yin Motility Vessel)
• Lu-8 (-): disperses Wind and resolves the Exterior; sedates Yang; reactivates circulation of Lung and Stomach Qi; relieves rheumatism of neck; Lung Metal and Horary point
Ht-4 (= and/or +): sends Wei (Protective) Qi to the joints and bones; relaxes the muscles and tendons; invigorates and removes Obstructions from the Heart channel; relieves wrist and elbow arthritis; Heart Metal point
• SI-6 (-): relaxes the sinews and tendons; benefits the joints; frees the channels and invigorates the collateral vessels; assists in treatment of arthritis of the arm; Small Intestine Xi Cleft Accumulation point
• SI-4 (- and/or D): dispels Wind and clears Heat; invigorates Tai Yang (Small Intestine and Bladder); disperses Damp-Heat from the Small Intestine; relaxes the sinews and muscles; reduces swelling; removes Obstruction from the channel; relieves arthritis of the elbow, wrist and fingers; Small Intestine Yuan Source point
SI-3 (+): opens the Du Mai (Governing Vessel) and regulates the Yang Qiao Mai (Yang Motility Vessel); dispels Dampness and Internal Heat; dispels Wind-Phlegm; tonifies the Small Intestine; strengthens the spine; relaxes the sinews and muscles; benefits the joints; invigorates the channels; Small Intestine Wood and Tonification point; Master point of the Du Mai (Governing Vessel); Couple point of the Yang Qiao Mai (Yang Motility Vessel)
TW-5 (-): dissipates Wind; clears Heat, esp. from Triple Warmer channel; opens and moves the Yang Wei Mai (Yang Linking Vessel) and regulates the Dai Mai (Girdle Vessel); dissolves Toxins; tonifies Wei (Protective) Qi; frees the channels to facilitate the circulation of Qi in the channels; invigorates the collateral vessels; strengthens and relaxes the sinews and tendons; alleviates pain, esp. due to Wind-predominant painful Obstruction; Triple Warmer Luo Connecting point; Master point of the Yang Wei Mai (Yang Linking Vessel); Couple point of the Dai Mai (Girdle Vessel)
• TW-4 (-): dispels Wind; clears Fire and Heat; left TW-4 is tonic to Yang of the whole body (Finkelstein, p. 61); relaxes the sinews and muscles; promotes function of Chong Mai (Penetrating Vessel) and Ren Mai (Conception Vessel); frees the channels and collateral vessels; Triple Warmer Yuan Source point
PC-7 (-): clears Heat; nourishes Heart Xue (Blood); dissipates Heat from the Ying (nutrient system) and Xue (Blood); influences adrenals (Worsley, 1975, p. B-20); relieves arthritis in the wrist; Pericardium Yuan Source, Earth and Dispersion point
• xiao gu kong: facilitates flow of Qi and Xue (Blood); relaxes and strengthens sinews and tendons; frees the channels and invigorates the collateral vessels; relieves pain in the hand joints, esp. with arthritis in the thumb knuckle
• da gu kong: facilitates flow of Qi and Xue (Blood); relaxes and strengthens sinews and tendons; frees the channels and invigorates the collateral vessels; relieves arthritis and pain in the thumb knuckle
shang ba xie (- and/or ind. D): alleviate Exterior conditions; dispel Wind; clear Heat; relax the sinews and tendons; free the channels and invigorate the collateral vessels
ba xie (- and/or ind. D): alleviate Exterior conditions; dispel Wind; expel Wind-Damp; clear Heat; relaxes the sinews and muscles; invigorate the Xue (Blood)
• si feng (- ): expel Wind; resolve Dampness; facilitate Qi and Xue (Blood) flow; relieve finger pain due to arthritis
• Lv-14 (-): spreads and moves Liver Qi to regulate circulation of Qi; soothes and promotes function of the Liver; strengthens the Spleen and Stomach; invigorates flow of Xue (Blood) and removes Xue Yu (Blood Stasis); dispels Heat from the Xue (Blood); Liver Mu Alarm point
Lv-13 (= and/or +): spreads and promotes smooth flow of Liver Qi; clears Obstructions of the Liver channel and its Luo channels; invigorates the Stomach and Spleen; relieves splenomegaly; benefits the Qi; transforms Damp-Heat; disperses Cold-Damp; regulates circulation of Qi and Xue (Blood); quickens the Xue (Blood) and disperses Xue Yu (Blood Stasis); Spleen Mu Alarm point; Hui Reunion point of the five Zang (Yin viscera)
• GB-24 (-): regulates Liver and Stomach; invigorates the Gall Bladder; spreads Liver Qi; cools and transforms Damp-Heat; Gall Bladder Mu Alarm point
• shen xi: dissipates Wind; disperses Damp and Cold; benefits the Kidney; facilitates flow of Qi and Xue (Blood); facilitates the joints, esp. the knees; relaxes the sinews and muscles; frees the channels and invigorates the collateral vessels
• ling hou: facilitates flow of Qi and Xue (Blood); dissipates Wind; disperses Damp and Cold; relaxes and strengthens sinews and tendons; facilitates the joints, esp. the knees; frees the channels and invigorates the collateral vessels
• lan wei (xue): regulates the Intestines; transforms Damp-Heat; relieves lower extremity arthritis
• St-34 (= and D): expels Wind; dispels Stagnation and Accumulation of the Yang Ming (Stomach and Large Intestine); facilitates the joints, esp. benefits the knee; frees the channels and invigorates the collateral vessels; Stomach Xi Cleft Accumulation point
St-35 and nei xi yan (= and ind. D): dispels Wind; facilitates the joints, esp. benefits the knee; invigorates the channels; relieves swelling; stops pain
St-36 (+ and D): dispels Cold and expels Wind; facilitates the Lung and regulates Wei (Protective) Qi; dispels and eliminates Dampness; regulates and strengthens Qi and Xue (Blood); regulates the Stomach and strengthens the Spleen; spreads Liver Qi and benefits the Gall Bladder; nourishes Kidney, Liver and Spleen; tonifies Kidney Yin; regulates ascension of the Clear and descension of the Turbid (-), esp. by the Intestines; frees the channels and invigorates the collateral vessels; Stomach He Sea Lower Uniting, Earth and Horary point; Sea of Nourishment point
• St-37 (-): drains Shi (Excess) from the upper region of body; rectifies the Spleen and harmonizes the Stomach; drains and frees the Intestines, esp. the Large Intestine; cools Heat and resolves Dampness to clear Damp-Heat; frees the channels and invigorates the collateral vessels; esp. treats arthritis and swelling of the knee; He Sea Lower Uniting point of the Da Chang (Large Intestine); Exit point of Sea of Xue (Blood)
• St-38 (- and/or D): dissipates Cold; treats acute shoulder problems; relaxes the muscles and tendons; warms the channels and invigorates the collateral vessels; relieves arthritis of the knee
• St-41 (= and/or D): dispels Wind; supports Spleen Qi; removes Obstructions from Stomach channel; transforms Damp Stagnation; relieves arthritis of the ankle; Stomach Fire and Tonification point
Sp-9 (-): regulates and tonifies Spleen (especially Yang); transforms Damp Stagnation, dispels Damp-Heat, and promotes diuresis; regulates the Water Pathways; benefits Lower Warmer; Spleen He Sea Uniting and Water point
• Sp-6 (+): clears Fire due to Xu (Deficiency); strengthens the Spleen and tonifies the Qi; clears, nourishes and moves the Xue (Blood); dispels Cold from the Xue (Blood); clears Xue (Blood) Heat; transforms Xue Yu (Blood Stasis); aids transportation and transformation to improve digestion and nourishment; frees Qi Stagnation and spreads Liver Qi; tonifies the Kidney; transforms Dampness and Heat; Jiao Hui Intersecting point of the three Foot Yin channels
• Sp-5 (-): strengthens the Spleen and Stomach; transforms Damp Stagnation and Damp-Heat; relaxes muscles, sinews and tendons; stimulates the channels; Spleen Metal and Dispersion point
• GB-31 (- and/or D): disperses Wind and Cold; clears Heat and transforms Damp; strengthens the waist, thighs and knees; strengthens bones; relaxes and strengthens sinews and tendons; "Wind Market"
GB-34 (= and/or D)GB-35 (-): regulates the Gall Bladder; invigorates the Xue (Blood); soothes the sinews and tendons; relieves pain; Xi Cleft Accumulation point of the Yang Wei Mai (Yang Linking Vessel)
• GB-37 (=): dispels Wind and Damp; dissipates Heat, esp. from the Liver; regulates the Liver; clears and brightens vision to relieve iritis of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis; transforms Damp-Heat; relaxes the sinews and muscles; invigorates the channels; Gall Bladder Luo Connecting point
GB-39 (=): transforms Damp-Heat; pacifies the Liver; relaxes the neck; regulates the Gall Bladder; clears Heat and communicates the superficial with the internal of the three Foot Yang channels; relaxes the muscles and sinews; tonifies the Bone Marrow and strengthens the Bones; expels Wind-Damp and otherwise frees the channels and connecting vessels; Hui Reunion point of the Marrow; Jiao Hui Intersecting point of the three primary Yang channels of leg; Group Luo point of the three Lower Yang
• GB-40 (=): spreads the Liver Qi; benefits Gall Bladder; transforms Damp-Heat; benefits the joints; frees the channels; esp. with arthritis in the ankle; Gall Bladder Yuan Source point
GB-41 (=): dissipates Wind; removes Fire; harmonizes and regulates the Liver and Gall Bladder; removes Stagnancy of Liver Qi; clears and regulates the Dai Mai (Girdle Vessel); clears Wetness (Damp Spleen) by draining into Dai Mai (Girdle Vessel), thereby increasing Spleen Qi and Xue (Blood) production and warming the extremities; dispels Damp-Heat; esp. with migratory pains; Gall Bladder Wood and Horary point; Master point of the Dai Mai (Girdle Vessel); Couple point of the Yang Wei Mai (Yang Linking Vessel)
• Lv-7 (-): dispels Wind; relieves pain; frees the channels and collateral vessels; facilitates the joints; resolves Wind Bi; treats rheumatoid arthritis affecting the knee, esp. with swollen and painful joints and limited range of motion
• Kd-10 (=): tonifies Kidney (especially Yin and Qi); dispels Heat (especially Lower Warmer); regulates Fluid balance; expels Dampness from Lower Warmer; strengthens the knee; treats with arthritis of knee, particularly when knees painful and cannot be flexed, especially medial aspect; Kidney He Sea Uniting, Water and Horary point
• Kd-8 (=): regulates Qi and Xue (Blood); clears Heat; eliminates Damp; tonifies the Kidney; regulates adrenals and Kidney Qi; removes Obstructions from the channels; regulates fluid balance; Xi Cleft Accumulation point of Yin Qiao Mai (Yin Motility Vessel)
Kd-6 (=): cools and clears Heat; clears Xu (Deficiency) Fire; removes Obstruction from the Yin Qiao Mai (Yin Motility Vessel); opens the Ren Mai (Conception Vessel); tonifies the Kidney (especially Yin); dispels Dampness; promotes bowel movement; strengthens the lower back and loins; frees the channels and invigorates the collateral vessels; sedates pain; palpation: steroid hormone reflex point (Nagano as per Matsumoto); Master point and Entry point of the Yin Qiao Mai (Yin Motility Vessel); Couple point of Ren Mai (Conception Vessel)
Kd-3 (+): tonifies the Kidney, Yuan (Original) Qi, Xue (Blood) and Jing (Essence); warms Cold; cools and descends Heat; pacifies Xu (Deficiency) Fire; tonifies Kidney Yang and Ming Men Fire (D); regulates the Chong Mai (Penetrating Vessel) and Ren Mai (Conception Vessel); strengthens the lower back, waist and knees; relieves pain in the bones, esp. the ankles; Kidney Yuan Source and Earth point
UB-59 (= and/or +): regulates Qi; dispels Wind and clears Heat; promotes flow of Xue (Blood); disperses Damp-Heat; effects the Yang Qiao Mai (Yang Motility Vessel); eliminates mild toxins (Finkelstein, p. 50); relaxes the sinews, tendons and muscles; benefits and strengthens the lower back; frees the channels and invigorates the collateral vessels; sedates pain; esp. for "rheumatoid arthritis in males" (Finkelstein, p. 50); Xi Cleft Accumulation point of the Yang Qiao Mai (Yang Motility Vessel)
UB-60 (-): disperses Wind; promotes Qi function and Xue (Blood) circulation; reinforces the Kidney; strengthens the lower back; descends the Turbid; relaxes the sinews, tendons and muscles of the neck, shoulder, waist, back, ankle and foot, esp. the lower back; frees the channels and collateral vessels; relieves pain
UB-62 (+): dispels Wind and Cold; cools and clears Fire and Heat; opens and moves the Yang Qiao Mai (Yang Motility Vessel); regulates the Du Mai (Governing Vessel) and benefits Du Mai (Governing Vessel) disorders; soothes sinews, tendons and vessels; relaxes the Muscle channels; esp. with arthritis affecting the spine and/or ankle; Master point of the Yang Qiao Mai (Yang Motility Vessel); Couple point of the Du Mai (Governing Vessel)
ba feng (+): dispel Wind; expel Wind-Damp; clear Heat; relax the sinews and tendons; invigorate the Xue (Blood); transform Damp-Heat

ear: sympathetic, shen men, corresponding area(s)


footnotes

Reprinted from The Foundations of Chinese Medicine, Maciocia, Giovanni, 1989, by permission of the publisher Churchill Livingstone, a division of Elsevier Limited.